The Pale Blue Dot by Carl Sagan

On Feb. 14, 1990, famed scientist Carl Sagan gave us an incredible perspective on our home planet that had never been seen before.

As NASA’s Voyager 1 spacecraft was about to leave our Solar System in 1989, Sagan, who was a member of the mission’s imaging team, pleaded with officials to turn the camera around to take one last look back at Earth before the spaceship left our solar system.

The resulting image, with the Earth as a speck less than 0.12 pixels in size, became known as “the pale blue dot.”

Voyager 1 had already finished its primary mission of studying Jupiter and Saturn towards the end of 1980, but its mission was extended — and continues to this day — so it could study the far reaches of interstellar space.

The striking photograph almost never happened. Early on in Voyager’s mission, Sagan had tried to get the look back at Earth, but others on the team worried that the Sun would end up frying the camera. But eventually, with the mission winding down, Sagan finally got his wish — a last minute Valentine’s Day gift in 1990.

Here’s what he wrote:

“From this distant vantage point, the Earth might not seem of any particular interest. But for us, it’s different. Consider again that dot. That’s here. That’s home. That’s us.

On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives.

The aggregate of our joy and suffering, thousands of confident religions, ideologies, and economic doctrines, every hunter and forager, every hero and coward, every creator and destroyer of civilization, every king and peasant, every young couple in love, every mother and father, hopeful child, inventor and explorer, every teacher of morals, every corrupt politician, every ‘superstar,’ every ‘supreme leader,’ every saint and sinner in the history of our species lived there – on a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam.

The Earth is a very small stage in a vast cosmic arena. Think of the rivers of blood spilled by all those generals and emperors so that in glory and triumph they could become the momentary masters of a fraction of a dot. Think of the endless cruelties visited by the inhabitants of one corner of this pixel on the scarcely distinguishable inhabitants of some other corner.

How frequent their misunderstandings, how eager they are to kill one another, how fervent their hatreds. Our posturings, our imagined self-importance, the delusion that we have some privileged position in the universe, are challenged by this point of pale light.

Our planet is a lonely speck in the great enveloping cosmic dark.

In our obscurity – in all this vastness – there is no hint that help will come from elsewhere to save us from ourselves.

The Earth is the only world known, so far, to harbour life. There is nowhere else, at least in the near future, to which our species could migrate.

Visit, yes. Settle, not yet. Like it or not, for the moment, the Earth is where we make our stand. It has been said that astronomy is a humbling and character-building experience. There is perhaps no better demonstration of the folly of human conceits than this distant image of our tiny world.

To me, it underscores our responsibility to deal more kindly with one another and to preserve and cherish the pale blue dot, the only home we’ve ever known.”

Carl Sagan

Drug and Alcohol Festive Season Awareness by Jacqueline Stewart

The countdown to Christmas is on, and for many the celebrations have begun; with Christmas parties, boozy Christmas lunches and mulled wine at the Christmas markets. Alcohol is synonymous with the festive season – the prospect of having a drink is everywhere you go, with people letting their hair down, enjoying the celebrations, and often over-indulging. Everything is merry and, well potentially blurry depending on how many units you have consumed.

What if you aren’t drinking?

“Why aren’t you drinking?”

“Come on, I am sure you can have a couple”

“So you’re not drinking… does this mean you are pregnant?”

For those trying to stay alcohol free, it can seem almost impossible to avoid it when you are surrounded by it. Let alone when you are being constantly interrogated about it.

It is not just alcohol that is all around us this time of year. Despite being illegal, many people may use recreational drugs when celebrating throughout the festive season, with ‘party drugs’ and other unknown substances popping up at nightclubs, parties and bars.

Celebrations are not the sole reason for drinking alcohol and/or taking drugs. This season may be seen as a joyous time spent with family and loved ones, but it can also be seen as a reminder for grief and loss. For those without family, either due to death or estrangement, or those whose homes are not a safe space; the season can be long, lonely, overwhelming and potentially dangerous. The stresses and strains of the festive season can affect us all, but primarily can bring problems with addiction to the fore. We all try to cope in our own ways, but for those who struggle with addiction, the temptation to drink alcohol or take drugs as a coping mechanism is huge.

Scotland is facing a public health challenge with the highest level of drug deaths in Europe and one of the highest alcohol death rates in the UK. In 2021, 1,330 people died from taking drugs and 1,245 people died through an alcohol specific death. As a collective, we need to do whatever we can to reduce the stigma of addiction and support those around us to reach out for help, all year round – but particularly in times when addiction hits hardest.

We cannot change other people, how they act or what they do, but we can change how we respond. For other health conditions many know the important signs and symptoms of heart attacks, strokes, choking and allergic reactions; along with information on what to do in these situations. All of which are incredibly important first aid methods that can save a life.  

But what about the signs of a drug overdose or the signs of alcohol poisoning? Would you know what first aid to do in these circumstances that can also save a life?

Signs of alcohol poisoning

Alcohol poisoning occurs when a person drinks a toxic amount of alcohol, usually over a short period of time. Being poisoned by alcohol can damage your health or even put your life in danger.

The signs and symptoms of alcohol poisoning include:

  • confusion
  • severely slurred speech
  • loss of co-ordination
  • vomiting
  • irregular or slow breathing
  • pale or blue-tinged skin caused by low body temperature (hypothermia)
  • being conscious but unresponsive (stupor)
  • passing out and being unconscious

In the most severe cases, alcohol poisoning can lead to coma, brain damage and death.

If you suspect alcohol poisoning, dial 999 immediately to request an ambulance.

While you’re waiting:

  • try to keep them sitting up and awake
  • give them water if they can drink it
  • if they have passed out, lie them on their side in the recovery position and check they’re breathing properly
  • keep them warm
  • stay with them

Never leave a person alone to “sleep it off”. The level of alcohol in a person’s blood can continue to rise for up to 30 to 40 minutes after their last drink.

 This can cause their symptoms to suddenly become much more severe. You also should not try to “sober them up” by giving them coffee or putting them under a cold shower. These methods will not help and may even be dangerous.

Signs of an overdose

Most overdoses are witnessed; therefore it is essential to recognise the signs and symptoms of an overdose in order to respond.

Some of these symptoms include:

  • Pinpoint pupils (this indicates whether opioids are involved).
  • Breathing problems (e.g. slow/shallow or infrequent breaths, snoring/rasping sounds or not breathing at all).
  • Pale skin colour. Lips, tip of nose, fingertips or nails with a bluish tinge.
  • No response to noise (shouting) or touch (shoulder shake).
  • Loss of consciousness

What you can do:

  • Call 999 straightaway
  • If available and you believe it may be an opioid overdise, administer naloxone
  • Put the individual in to the recovery position
  • Stay with the individual until emergency responders arrive

What you know and what you do about overdose could make the difference between life and death. If you believe someone is having an overdose, DO NOT inflict them with pain, inject them with a stimulant, put them in a bath/use cold water or attempt to walk them around. These myths are not effective and can cause further harm.

Naloxone Drive 19th of December

If you are interested in being trained in how to use Naloxone, the Alcohol and Drug Partnership, We Are With You and the Focus Wellness and Recovery Hub are working in partnership to deliver Naloxone Drives in Dumfries and Stranraer.

Naloxone is a medication that temporarily reverses the effects of an opioid overdose. Naloxone saves lives.

These drives are open to everyone, whether you take drugs yourself, are a family member or friend, or a professional who works closely in the drug and alcohol field.

Naloxone Drive Dumfries:

We Are With You, Buccluech Street:

10:00am – 12:00pm

and

4:30pm – 6:30pm

FOCUS Wellness and Recovery Hub (formerly Lochside Clinic), Shirley Road:

1:00pm – 4:00pm

Naloxone Drive Stranraer:

We Are With You, Charlotte Street

10:00am – 4:00pm

More information about some of the resources and services that are available to help drug and alcohol users can be found on the Dumfries and Galloway Alcohol and Drug Partnership website at https://dghscp.co.uk/alcohol-drugs-partnership-adp/

Training during a Pandemic by Lisa Johnstone & Bryan Gray

We commenced our Specialist Community Public Health Nursing (SCPHN) (Health Visitor) training in September 2021 with The University of the West of Scotland. We have continued to feel the impact of the covid-19 pandemic throughout our training, having to adopt a blended method of learning, whereby we do the majority of our learning via MST meaning we have attended university only a handful of times. During our practice placements, we have adopted a hybrid method of working and have so far managed to overcome the challenges presented to us. The support we have received from all of the Health Visitors and the wider multi-specialities who supported our alternative practice has been invaluable. The last year has been very challenging due to the demands of master level study, and at times it has been difficult to find a work life balance, but all of the sacrifices have been worthwhile.

Nearing the end of our Trainee Health Visitor journey, Bryan and I have had the opportunity to develop our knowledge and skills surrounding child development and the profound impact the early years can have on the current and future health and wellbeing of children across Dumfries & Galloway. As future Health Visitors, we will play a pivotal role in supporting children and families in the first few years of a child’s life, navigating our way through the Universal Health Visiting Pathway.

A fundamental component of our future role as Health Visitors is collaborative working; engaging with multiple professionals ensures that any observed health or wellbeing needs are identified early, enabling prompt intervention and support from the appropriate professionals/teams, for example, Speech and Language Therapy

NHS Education for Scotland recently published an interactive resource titled ‘Speech, Language and Communication: Giving Children the Best Possible Start in Life’ this resource works in line with the schedule of home visits laid out in the Universal Pathway.  There is information on expected speech, language and communication development at key points in a child’s development, alongside areas of reflection on the role of the Health Visitor and strategies and interventions to promote speech, language and communication for children aged 0-5 years.

Available at: https://slctoolforhv.nes.digital/the-health-visiting-pathway.html